Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin is a time-tested oral medication most commonly used to help manage Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. It is also increasingly prescribed off-label to support weight management, PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), and metabolic syndrome, especially in the context of functional or preventive medicine.
Metformin works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving how the body uses insulin. It lowers fasting blood glucose, improves insulin sensitivity, and may help with modest weight loss in insulin-resistant individuals.
As one of the most widely prescribed and studied medications in metabolic health, Metformin is generally well tolerated and has a long-standing safety profile when used appropriately under medical supervision.
Improves Blood Sugar Control
Helps lower fasting blood glucose and A1C levels in patients with insulin resistance or Type 2 diabetes.
Enhances Insulin Sensitivity
Makes cells more responsive to insulin, helping to reduce circulating insulin levels over time.
Supports Weight Management
May promote mild weight loss or prevent weight gain in individuals with metabolic dysfunction.
PCOS Symptom Relief
Used off-label to help manage irregular cycles and insulin-related symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Cardiometabolic Health
Linked to lower risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with insulin resistance or prediabetes.
Your provider will recommend the formulation and dose best suited to your condition and tolerance.
Prescription Required
Metformin should only be used under the guidance of a licensed medical provider.
Common Side Effects
May include nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, bloating, or diarrhea—especially during the first few weeks. Taking with food can reduce symptoms.
Rare But Serious Risk: Lactic Acidosis
Though extremely rare, Metformin may cause lactic acidosis, a serious condition. Risk is higher in patients with kidney impairment, liver disease, or alcohol use disorder.
Not for Use in Certain Conditions
Not recommended for patients with significant kidney or liver disease without proper monitoring. Labs (e.g., eGFR) may be required before starting therapy.
Vitamin B12 Monitoring
Long-term use may reduce B12 absorption. Annual lab monitoring is advised in long-term users.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Generally considered safe during pregnancy (especially in PCOS or gestational diabetes) but must be used under supervision.
